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To Walk With the Ancestors: Lapakahi and the North Kohala Coast                                       Ke Ola Magazine   March / April 2020

3/11/2020

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PictureLooking north towards Mahukona from the south point of Lapakahi. Photo by Jan Wizinowich


  Lapakahi State Historical Park (LSHP) on the leeward Kohala coast of Hawai‘i Island, is a time portal through which we can glimpse the thriving life of Hawai`i’s early settlers and a touchstone for Hawaiian cultural practitioners. Once a thriving fishing village and upland field system, it is also the center piece of Kohala coast land preservation efforts.
  The Kohala district, a peninsula that points NW, is unique in that it is neatly divided between windward and leeward or i loko (inside) and i waho (outside). The leeward coast provided calm waters and rich fishing grounds and as the population grew, an upland field system.
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A reconstructed house site built with bamboo and pili grass thatching. Photo by Jan Wizinowich
PictureSea water was poured into hollowed out stones, evaporating to leave pa'akai (salt). Photo by Jan Wizinowich
Evolution of an Ahupua`a
  Initial settlements were centered in the valleys on the lush windward side of the peninsula. But sometime in the 1300s, it is thought that a growing population expanded to the leeward side, creating settlements such as Lapakahi.
  Beginning in the late 1960s, Lapakahi has been the focus of a series archaeological excavations initiated by Richard Pearson and Roger Green who conducted one of the first studies of an ahupua`a in its entirety.  Ahupua`a generally run from the mountain to the ocean and were a functional organization in which `ohana could harvest and exchange resources.
    Lapakahi began with Koai`e, a fishing village located on a small cove with a coral beach and a canoe landing. There is no way of knowing for sure, but related `ohana probably made their way overland or traveled by canoe to find a calm landing place to settle. Now a marine sanctuary, the reef provided and still provides an abundance of life sustaining food in the form of fish, shellfish and seaweed.
  Eventually, with the increase in population, the fishing village expanded upland into the dryland forest, which probably consisted of such plants as a`ali`i, iliahi and koai’a. Terraced fields were created and watered from the Kohala Mountain watershed, which they harnessed into auwae (irrigation canals).
  The population continued to expand and starting in 1450, the Lapakahi field system would be continuously developed and intensified and divided into smaller sections with permanent boundaries. House sites evolved from temporary shelters used during the growing season to permanent residences. It is estimated that food production in the ahupua`a peaked out towards the end of the 18th century and that most of the residents were gone by the early 1900s.

PictureEntrance to Lapakahi State Historic Park. Photo by Jan Wizinowich
A New Era
  Although Lapakahi was no longer an active community, it continued to be a place of healing and knowledge. Papa Henry Auwae, a noted Hawaiian healer born in the early 1900s, spent time at Lapakahi as a child studying with kahuna la`au lapa’au (traditional Hawaiian healers) there.
  “There were kahuna that dealt with mountain plants and those who dealt with coastal plants and some of the coastal kahuna lived at Lapakahi.  Papa also said that the water off the coast of Lapakahi was the water used for healing,” said Momi Naughton, who interviewed Papa for the Smithsonian Folklife Festival in 1989.
  Lapakahi was also visited by local Kohala residents for fishing and recreation. “The Akonipule highway was not there. That was very significant for Lapakahi; it was very inaccessible for many people. The only people who knew about it and used it were Kohala people and ranch people. It was and still is very good fishing grounds,” recalls Fred Cachola.
  Fred, who was born and raised in Kohala, remembers trips to Lapakahi with his Boy Scout Troop in the 1940s and 1950s. “The plantation truck would pick us up at the scout hall in Hala`ula and take us to Mahukona. We’d bring canned goods and cabbage and onions. No coolers. We packed water in 5 gallon military surplus water cans. We walked the coastal road, fished, swam and earned merit badges,” said Fred. “At that time, it was choked with kiawe. It was so thick, the only way you could walk was on the trail,” he added.
  The kiawe was removed during the process of the archaeological excavations, which began in the late 1960s with the Koai`e fishing village. During a series of digs, archaeologists found the remains of a village complete with all the necessities of life.
  Koai`e Cove provided a launching area for canoes with the foundations of a hale wa`a (canoe house) nearby. Archaeologists also uncovered the remains of house sites that were lashed pole constructions, on rock wall foundations and thatched with pili grass. Salt was crucial and there are several pohaku pa`akai (salt making stones), large flat rocks with bowl like indentations that held the evaporating sea-water.  A well dug for fresh water was also found.
  With close connections to the spirits of the land, there are the remains of a heiau (place of worship) constructed on a promontory; Ku`ula, a stone fishing god, who received part of the fishermen’s catch, sits on the south point overlooking the ocean.  Archaeologists also found several burial sites.
  An extensive field system, which was part of the Kohala field system, was discovered in the upland portion of the ahupua`a. A network of trails connected the mauka (mountain) and makai (shoreline) areas, as well as providing access between field sections. The main stone-lined trails were also hollowed out, perhaps to collect rain water runoff.
  There are also upland house sites that evolved from temporary, seasonal shelters to established permanent homes, reflecting the evolution and settlement of the Lapakahi ahupua`a. It was in this upland area that kalo (taro) and `uala (sweet potato) were grown. These were shared with the shoreline fishing families in exchange for ulu, octopus, shellfish, various reef fish, seaweed and salt.
  In 1973 Lapakahi State Historical Park, which now consists of 279 acres, was established. In 1979 the park was extended to include a Marine Life Conservation District to protect the rich diversity of coral and fish along the coast. The restoration of native plants at Lapakahi such as ma`o (native cotton), milo, hinahina kahakai, `ilima and niu (coconut) provide an outdoor botanical classroom for la`au lapa`au practitioners and visitors.
  The park is a place where residents and visitors can get a glimmer of what life was like in pre-contact Hawai`i. But the healing spirit of the land lives on for members of Na Haumana La`au lapa`au o Papa Auwae (NHLLOPA) who meet there annually in October to share and perpetuate healing traditions passed to them from Papa Henry Auwae. The NHLLOPA has also been responsible for caretaking the park since 2010, initially through an agreement with the State Parks and now sponsored through the Friends of the Future.

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Ku'ula, the fishing god where fisherman left a portion of their catch. Photo by Jan Wizinowich
PictureA rock shelter flanked by milo trees. The wood was used to make bowls and canoe paddles. Photo by Jan Wizinowich
Walking with the Ancestors
  Lapakahi is a pearl amongst a strand of settlements along the leeward Kohala coast, which has the most pre-contact historical, cultural archaeological sites in the State of Hawai`i. The spirit of the lands of Kamehameha I have called out to the hearts of the community, making the Kohala coast the focus of concerted land preservation efforts by several groups and agencies.
    With the North Kohala Community Development Plan as guide, the non-profit corporation, Kohala Lihikai, made up of five land preservation groups, has been a driving force behind the efforts to preserve the Kohala coast as a, “…recreational and educational resource for future generations of residents and visitors,” according to Toni Withington, North Kohala community advocate and spokesperson for Kohala preservation efforts.
    The bulk of the funding for the purchase of coastal lands has come from the County’s 2% Open Space Fund and the State’s Legacy Land Preservation Program. In addition to that the Trust for Public Lands and Hawaiian Islands Land Trust, federal grants and private donors have also contributed.
  From 2010 to 2017, the efforts of volunteer groups and community members raised 20.9 million dollars and preserved 390 acres along the North Kohala coast, with many acres pending purchase.
    Just south of Lapakahi, Kaiholena, was acquired in 2016. According to the Hawai’i Island Land Trust (HILT), “Kaiholena was once a thriving community as remnants of heiau, massive halau, burial sites, and village complexes are still visible.  Kaiholena has been said to have numerous, pre-contact intact cultural and archaeological sites in Hawai‘i with over 200 sites that qualify for the National Historic Register found there.”
  Along with the acquisition of coastal lands, is the need to establish access by identifying and maintaining historic trails. Organizations such as E Mau Nā Ala Hele, the Ala Kahakai Trail Association (ATA) and the Ala Kahakai National Historic Trail have added both financial and trail development resources to the preservation efforts.  
  The 2016 purchase of Kaiholena South by the ATA (with the support of numerous organizations and individuals), added to Kaiholena North and Central, provide a total of 10 miles of protected coastline and potential trail. Preservation efforts are ongoing with the ultimate goal being a North Kohala coastline free of development and with community access for recreation, fishing and historic preservation.
  Lapakahi is a window into the past, but also the beginning of the re-awakening of Hawaiian ancestral spirits who live on through the land and the voices of the Kohala community.

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Kamehameha’s Birthplace and the Many-Layered History of                             Kokoiki, Kohala                                                     Ke Ola Magazine  May/Ju

5/9/2019

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PictureThe "birthstones" of Kamehameha, although only the placenta was birthed here.
  Kamehameha’s birth was a legacy that ultimately unified the islands, but that legacy began many generations before. His birth stones, located in Kokoiki, lay next to Mo`okini Heiau, built in 480 A.D., on the NW tip of the peninsula that comprises North Kohala district.
  If you walk along the coastline there, you will sense mana. Everything is motion and power. The kalāhuipa`a winds sweep down Kohala Mountain to tease the surging sea crashing onto the boulders below. A beckoning Maui sits shrouded on the northern horizon and Mo`okini heiau appears in glimpses, a darkness looming behind the brow of a hill.

PictureThe wild Kohala coastline.
  Heiau were built as a way to connect with greater beings and give tribute to and call upon the gods for assistance. With Hawi to the north and Lapaka`i to the south, Mo`okini, dedicated to the war god Kū, was a center of power where the lives of the people were both protected and sacrificed.
  Mo`okini Heiau was built by Kuamo`o Mo`okini, whose family heiau tell the story of their journey across the Pacific. “We always built on the north end of the island to have a commanding view. This heiau was built in one day and the walls were six feet high. There were 150 people sacrificed at that time,” related Mealani Lum, descendent and current heiau guardian.

PictureMealani Lum, lineal descendant and guardian of Mo'okini.
  Throughout the centuries, Mo`okini descendants have continuously acted as its guardian / priests. Currently, Oliver Lum and his daughter, Mealani are the guardians and before them Oliver’s mother Leimomi Lum, her father Dewey Lum and her uncle Heloke.  
  Just outside the entrance on the right is the foundation of the house of mu. The mu was instructed as to how many human sacrifices were necessary and he would go and collect people. Although the human sacrifices were mostly prisoners of war, the mu had the authority to take anyone necessary to make up the numbers, making the area a dangerous place to be.
  “Because of human sacrifice, nobody lived near the heiau or dared to walk through here. They either were on a canoe or walking up mauka and if you were on a canoe you had to lower your sails when you passed,” explained Mealani.

Turning Point
  Late in the thirteenth century, Pa`āo, a priest from Tahiti arrived. He left and returned with Pili, a chiefly ancestor of Kamehameha, who was to be the new ali`i nui.
Although he constructed three other heiau on the island, Pa`āo centered himself in North Kohala, where he was given permission by the Mo`okini family to extend the heiau from a height of six feet to 30 feet.  
  As many as 18,000 men in a line from Pololū, passed stones to construct the towering walls that would shield the ali`i and their ceremonies from the maka`āinana. A luakini class heiau, Pa`āo rededicated Mo`okini to the war god Kū, instituted a stricter kapu system and increased human sacrifice, the ultimate gift of mana to the gods.
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Entrance to the heiau. The house of the mu was on the right, just out of the frame.
Kamehameha’s Birth
  Fast forward to the mid-18th century. Alapa`inui was high chief of Kohala and Kona and there was war between Hawai`i Island chiefs and between Hawai`i and Maui. When Kekuʻiapoiwa, wife of Keoua became pregnant with Kamehameha, the kahuna, perhaps seeing the need for a unifying force, prophesied that he would be a great unifying king and a killer of chiefs. On hearing the prophesy and fearing for his position, Alapaʽinui, decreed that the infant should be killed at birth.
  There is much mystery surrounding the year of Kamehameha’s birth as well as his paternity. According to S.M. Kamakau, Kamehameha was born in 1736 during Alapa`inui’s reign. However this date has been challenged by the claim that a bright and beautiful star, thought to be Halley’s Comet, appeared the night before Kamehameha’s birth, which would put his birth year at 1758.
  It’s been suggested that the king of Maui at the time, Kahekili was his biological father and indeed, Kamehameha was born on a canoe on its way from Maui, according to Oliver Lum, as related to him by his great Uncle Heloke Lum.    
  With winds howling, waves crashing and pelting rain, one can only imagine the skill of the men who sailed the canoe across the channel that stormy November night. But it was imperative that Kekuʽiapoiwa get to a luakini class heiau in order that her ali`i child could receive his birth rituals. By the time the canoe landed at Kapakai in Kokoiki, Kamehameha was already born and he was taken immediately to the heiau.  
  “You have to have birth rituals because the mana was in the blood and in the piko. You had to have birth rituals and you had to have priests of a high enough order you could trust to put those secrets away, never to be told,” explained Oliver.
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Where the canoe on which Kamehameha was born landed.
  Kekuʽiapoiwa was taken to the birth stones, where she birthed the placenta. “She was having trouble with the afterbirth so they brought her on shore and she used the rocks. She laid down and put her feet up on the flat rock and that worked,” related Mealani.
  The great warrior, Naeʽole was selected by Kekuʽiapoiwa to be kahu for the child and immediately after the rituals were completed, he whisked the infant away with Alapa`inui’s forces following soon after. On their way to Awini, an easily defensible plateau three valleys past Pololū, he enlisted the help of the entire Kohala populace in what Fred Cachola calls the “grand Kohala conspiracy” to protect the infant. (see: “To Celebrate the King: Kamehameha Day and Kamehameha’s Legacy of Aloha” / Ke Ola, May/June 2017).
  Kohala and the Mo`okini heiau comprised a spiritual home for Kamehameha. “Our family was here for Kamehameha’s birth and afterwards when he came of age, he came to worship. That’s what’s been passed down through our generations,” explained Mealani.
  Eventually, Kamehameha built Pu`ukoholā heiau and transferred his war god Kuka`ilimoku there, but Mo`okini Heiau, under the guardianship of the Mo`okini family, continued as a place of worship and a center of mana for the North Kohala district.
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Just inside the entrance, facing the main altar at the far end. The curved area in the foreground was where various priests and participants gathered to wait.
A Place of Historic Preservation and Learning
  The Kokoiki birthstones and Mo`okini heiau remain a constant, a place of mana, protected by generations of the Mo`okini family. The land surrounding the heiau has changed from forest to sugar cane to grassy slope, but the heiau and the birth stones have remained as portals to the past.                                                               
  In 1963, through the efforts of Uncle Heloke, Mo`okini was designated as Hawai`i’s first National Historic Landmark. Uncle Heloke also acted as guardian for the birth stones. For a time during the plantation era, the stones were obscured by tall sugar cane. “There was cane right up to the wall line. Uncle Heloke worked for the plantation and he worked really hard to make sure they didn’t move the rocks,” said Mealani. 
  In 1977 upon the death of her father, Dewey, Leimomi Lum became the next Kahuna nui and in 1978 she lifted the kapu and opened it for educational purposes as a way to share Hawaiian history and culture with the children of the community.
  Both the heiau and the stones are part of the Kohala Historical Sites State Monument, created by the Hawai`i State Legislature in 1992. Through a collaboration between Hawaiian Civic Club, the Royal Order of Kamehameha, DLNR and Kamehameha Schools, the area around the birthstones was cleared of weeds and a protective wall built and in 2005, Kamehameha Schools purchased the land around the heiau and the birth stones in an effort to protect the sites from any possible future development.
  Mo`okini heiau and Kamehameha’s birth stones stand in testament to the enduring Hawaiian culture and the stories of this land.
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The area of the heiau was made an historic site through the efforts of Heloke Lum.
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To Celebrate the King: Kamehameha Day and Kamehameha's Legacy of Aloha         Ke Ola Magazine May/June 2017

6/14/2017

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    Every June 11 the islands celebrate Kamehameha, the Hawai‘i Island warrior chief who changed the course of history in the 18th and 19th centuries by uniting the Hawaiian Islands, preparing Hawai‘i for the future in a rapidly changing world. “In my opinion he is the greatest Hawaiian who ever lived—not only being the one to unify the islands, but having the vision, the power, the mana and the dedication and loyalty of thousands of Hawaiians who believed in what he did,” said Fred Cachola, historian and member of the Royal Order of Kamehameha I, Moku O Kohala.  
   When Kamehameha’s mother Keku‘iapoiwa was with child, she craved Tiger shark's eyes and it was prophesied that the baby she was carrying would be a slayer of chiefs. On hearing the prophesy, Hawai‘i Island Chief Alapa‘inui began to plot to kill the infant.
   The great warrior Nae‘ole was selected by Keku‘iapoiwa to be the child’s caretaker, and he enlisted the entire Kohala populace in what Fred calls the “grand Kohala conspiracy” to do whatever it took to protect the infant. When Kamehameha was born at Kokoiki, Nae‘ole spirited him away, following a clandestine route to ‘Awini, an easily defensible plateau three valleys past Pololū.
   The events of that journey can be found in the very place names of Kohala. Stories point out names like Hōʽea, which means to arrive, to take first breaths. When baby Kamehameha arrives at Hawi, the breath of hunger, the wet nurse isn’t there. Kapa‘au, with its many streams, had to be traversed and his kapa cloth got wet moving through the water. ​
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Lei draping ceremony in Kohala. Photo courtesy of North Kohala Community Resource Center.
PictureKing Kamehameha I
    Kamehameha is well known for the Herculean task of unifying the islands. But after unity and peace had been attained, Kamehameha set a standard for leadership whose guiding principle was the well-being of the people.
   “These ali‘i were what we would call today ‘servant leaders,’ and they probably served more than they led. They saw service and leadership as companion qualities that they had to have. They saw the two as very integral in creating a state that I would call pono,” said Fred.
   Following Kamehameha’s death in Kona in 1819, western influences continued to bombard the Kingdom of Hawai‘i. Alarmed by rapid changes, Kamehameha V (Lot Kapuāiwa) established the Royal Order of Kamehameha I in 1865 to commemorate his grandfather. Then in 1871, he established Kamehameha Day, a celebration in honor of Kamehameha I’s accomplishments and contributions to the kingdom.

PictureEarly Kamehameha Day celebration in Kapiolani Park
History of the Celebrations
   The first celebration took place in 1872 and was a day of festivities of all sorts. “Early celebrations of Kamehameha Day featured carnivals, fairs, and lots of racing—foot races, horse races and even velocipede races. Accounts in the newspapers of the day counted over 4,000 people at Kapi‘olani Park in Waikīkī. Kalākaua and Kapi‘olani were in attendance. 
   After the overthrow of the monarchy and the rapid changes that followed, Kamehameha Day celebrations were subdued. Then in 1914, a Kamehameha Day Celebration Committee was formed and the day was celebrated with much of the old grandeur. 
   The 1916 annual Chamber of Commerce of Honolulu publication described that year’s celebration in Honolulu as beginning with a parade from ‘A‘ala Park to the statue in front of Aliʽiōlani Hale for lei draping and the singing of Hawai‘i Ponoʽī. The parade then proceeded to ‘Iolani Palace, the capitol of the territory at the time. The festivities also opened and closed with horse races in Kapi‘olani Park. Kamehameha Day celebrations continued and became one of the first official holidays declared when Hawai‘i became a state in 1959.​

PictureKohala pāʽū riders. Photo courtesy of North Kohala Community Resource Center.
To Celebrate the King
   Kohala, Hilo and Kona are the three Royal Order moku (districts) on Hawai‘i Island and each will host a celebration on or around Kamehameha Day. Each moku represents a different phase of Kamehameha’s life.
   Kohala, Kamehameha’s birth place, has the original statue, in front of the historic courthouse in Kapa‘au. Originally bound for Honolulu, the statue was lost at sea when the ship carrying it sank in Port Stanley in the Falkland Islands. It was eventually recovered in 1882 by Captain Jervis, who spotted the statue in front of a store while strolling around Port Stanley. He purchased it and brought it to Honolulu. 
   A replacement statue was already underway and plans were made to install the first statue in Kohala at the school house in ʽĀinakea on May 8, 1883. Kalākaua and an honor guard of 118 men arrived in Kohala for two days of festivities around the unveiling. On May 7, the Royal Hawaiian Band enlivened the neighborhood with song and in the evening presented a concert. The statue unveiling took place the next day at 3pm, with many admirers placing lei at the foot of the statue as the band played Hawai‘i Ponoʽī.
​    Every year since that unveiling, there has been a Kamehameha Day celebration in Kohala on June 11. This year’s celebration will start with the lei draping ceremony at 7:45am, opening with a blessing, which is followed by hula and music. The parade, which begins at 10am, will have a number of floats, hālau hula, and a special pāʽū unit of Kahuā Ranch reunion honorees. “The community of Kohala is very involved in the Kamehameha Day celebration. People line the street all the way from Hōʽea,” said Ski Kwiatkowski, Royal Order of Kamehameha Moku O Kohala member.

   The parade ends at Kamehameha Park where there is a ho‘olaule‘a, including Makahiki games, hula, music and other entertainment. “The Royal Order has an awesome display of all of Kamehameha’s life, from birth to death and everything in between. There are markers for the places that Nae‘ole took the baby,” said Ski.

PictureRoyal Order of Kamehameha I Māmalahoa, Hilo. Courtesy of the Royal Order of Kamehameha I, Māmalahoa
King Kamehameha’s War Years
   Although Kamehameha spent his early years in Kohala, it was in Hilo that he confirmed prophesies by lifting the 7,000-pound Naha Stone, enlisted warriors, and launched war canoes in his endeavor to unify the islands.
   The Hilo chapter of the Royal Order of Kamehameha I was given the name Māmalahoa by Prince Jonah Kūhiō and while the name refers to Kamehameha’s law of protection for all people, it also refers to Kamehameha’s personal guardians. This elite unit of warriors were recognized for their skill and courage in battle, and respected for their honor and loyalty to Kamehameha. “This kaona inoa (double meaning name) was chosen by Prince Jonah Kūhiō to inspire the members of Māmalahoa imua (move forward) and ho‘omau (persevere) in their cause as modern day warriors,” said Lani Aliʽi, Sir Pua Ishibashi.
  The well-being of all people was at the heart of Kamehameha’s rule and continues to be perpetuated through the work of the Royal Order of Kamehameha I.

   The Kamehameha Festival has been celebrated in Hilo since 1908 and since 1985, has taken place on Mokuola (Island of Life) in Hilo Bay. It is a day of sharing the richness of all aspects of the Hawaiian culture, including hula, mele, oli, and arts and crafts. 
   The festivities will begin at 10am with the opening ceremony taking place at noon. The Royal Order of Kamehameha I Māmalahoa is joined by other royal societies and proceeds from Lili‘uokalani Park across the foot bridge to Mokuola, to pay tribute to Kamehameha with a blessing and ho‘okupu.  The theme for this year’s celebration, which will take place on Sunday June 11, is “‘Onipa‘a” (to move forward and be steadfast), a tribute to the 100th year of the passing of Queen Lili‘uokalani.  ​

PictureRoyal Order of King Kamehameha I Moku o Kona
Kona: Kamehameha’s Ancestral Homeland and Final Dwelling Place
   Kamehameha I, whose mother Keku‘iapoiwa was the daughter of Kona Aliʽi, Kekelaokalani, established the first capital of the united Hawaiian Kingdom in Kailua-Kona. After unification, Kamehameha went to work to ensure peace and the prosperity of all people of Hawai‘i. He understood that agriculture was key to this and the field systems he worked to create serves as inspiration to farmers until today. 
   The first Kamehameha Day celebration in Kona was early in the 20th century. “I know early in the 1900s there was a celebration where they came ashore on canoes and marched down Ali‘i drive past Hulihe‘e Palace,” said Barbara Nobriga, parade committee chair.
   After that there wasn’t another Kamehameha Day celebration in Kona until 1953. Barbara was just a teenager then. “In 1953 they actually had a full on pāʽū parade. Then they didn't have another one until 1967,” said Barbara.
   At the heart of the Kona Kamehameha Day celebration is a parade with a full compliment of pāʽū riders, reflecting the paniolo spirit of the district. “If you don't have that full pāʽū section on Kamehameha Day, you do not have a parade,” said Barbara.
   The parade will begin at the Royal Kona Resort at 9am on Saturday, June 10, led by the Royal Order of Kamehameha I, Moku O Kona and followed by the Queen leading the pāʽū riders, representing the eight main Hawaiian Islands. Each group, headed by their princess, is draped in flowing satin and velvet and stunning lei displaying the color of their island.  
   The parade will also feature hula hālau, equestrian units, marching bands, a horse-drawn carriage, and more. Also featured will be a ho‘olaule‘a (celebration) at Hulihe‘e Palace after the parade, with music by top Hawaiian musicians.
   The celebration is a reflection of unity and service, virtues that Kamehameha perpetuated in the life of the islands. “What we look for in the Grand Marshall and the Queen are people who do something to give back to the community. It takes a village to raise a child and it takes a village to put this parade together. It’s a community parade and without the community behind you, you wouldn’t get it off the ground,” said Barbara.
   When we celebrate Kamehameha Day, we are rejoicing in Kamehameha’s immense efforts to create a healthy, unified Hawaiian Kingdom and perhaps reminding ourselves with gratitude of his last words, “Endless is the good I have given you to enjoy.”​

Picture
King Kamehameha's warriors lead Kona parade. Courtesy of Charla Photography.
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